Dual risks kept investors on edge ahead of markets reopening late on Sunday, from heightened prospects of a broad Middle East war to U.S.-wide protests against U.S. President Donald Trump that threatened more domestic chaos.
Israel launched a barrage of strikes across Iran on Friday and Saturday, saying it had attacked nuclear facilities and missile factories and killed a swathe of military commanders in what could be a prolonged operation to prevent Tehran building an atomic weapon.
On Saturday Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said Israeli strikes would intensify, while Tehran called off nuclear talks that Washington had held out as the only way to halt the bombing.
Israel on Saturday also appeared to have hit Iran's oil and gas industry for the first time, with Iranian state media reporting a blaze at a gas field.
The strikes knocked risky assets on Friday, including stocks, lifted oil prices and prompted a rush into safe havens such as gold and the dollar.
Meanwhile, protests, organized by the "No Kings" coalition to oppose Trump's policies, were another potential damper on risk sentiment. Hours before those protests began on Saturday, a gunman posing as a police officer opened fire on two Minnesota politicians and their spouses, killing Democratic state assemblywoman Melissa Hortman and her husband.
All three major U.S. stock indexes finished in the red on Friday, with the S&P 500 (.SPX) dropping 1.14%. Oil <LCoc1 >and gold (.XAU) prices soaring. The dollar rose.
Israel and Iran are "not shadowboxing any more," said Matt Gertken, chief geopolitical analyst at BCA Research. "It's an extensive and ongoing attack."
"At some point actions by one or the other side will take oil supply off the market" and that could trigger a surge in risk aversion by investors, he added.
Any damage to sentiment and the willingness to take risks could curb near-term gains in the S&P 500, which appears to have stalled after rallying from its early April trade war-induced market swoon. The S&P 500 is about 20% above its April low, but has barely moved over the last four weeks.
"The overall risk profile from the geopolitical situation is still too high for us to be willing to rush back into the market," said Alex Morris, chief investment officer of F/m Investments in Washington.
U.S. stock futures are set to resume trading at 6 p.m. (2200 GMT) on Sunday.
With risky assets sinking, investors' expectations for near-term stock market gyrations jumped.
The Cboe Volatility Index (.VIX) rose 2.8 points to finish at 20.82 on Friday, its highest close in three weeks.
The rise in the VIX, often dubbed the Wall Street 'fear gauge,' and volatility futures were "classic signs of increased risk aversion from equity market participants," said Michael Thompson, co-portfolio manager at boutique investment firm Little Harbor Advisors.
Thompson said he would be watching near-term volatility futures prices for any rise toward or above the level for futures set to expire months from now.
"This would indicate to us that near-term hedging is warranted," he said.
The mix of domestic and global tensions is a recipe for more uncertainty and unease across most markets, BCA's Gertken said.
"Major social unrest does typically push up volatility somewhat, and adding the Middle Eastern crisis to the mix means it's time to be wary."
