The settlement was agreed to by three law firms representing about 2,000 people with claims against Abbott, including one Illinois mother who won a $495 million judgment in 2024 after a jury concluded that Abbott's formula caused her daughter to develop necrotizing enterocolitis, a dangerous bowel disease. Abbott agreed to drop its efforts to appeal that verdict, which had been upheld by a Missouri appeals court in May 2026.
Abbott did not admit liability in Thursday's settlement, saying it remains confident in the safety of its infant formula products. The company said in a statement that the deal is a step toward "substantially resolving the overall litigation."
Abbott, which makes Similac formulas, said about 1,700 lawsuits have been filed against it and Mead Johnson, a unit of Reckitt, which manufactures Enfamil formulas. Some of the lawsuits name both companies as defendants and some are filed on behalf of multiple plaintiffs.
Abbott said it still faces claims from as many as 12,700 people alleging harms related to its or Mead Johnson's formulas, though it said that total includes duplicate filings, claims involving infants who developed NEC before receiving formula, and claims naming both manufacturers without specifying whose formula was used. Abbott said it is working to eliminate duplicate and unsupported claims.
DEADLY BOWEL DISEASE
Necrotizing enterocolitis, which mostly affects premature newborns, causes the death of bowel tissue and has an estimated mortality rate of more than 20%.
The companies have said that, while breast milk protects against the disease, their formulas do not cause it and the benefits of breast milk have long been known to clinicians.
Abbott CEO Robert Ford suggested in 2024 that the preterm products might become unavailable because of the litigation.
U.S. regulatory agencies and a National Institutes of Health-convened working group said in a 2024 report that current evidence links higher NEC rates to the absence of breast milk, rather than to formula use.
The products in question are cow's milk-based formula and products for fortifying mother's milk that are specially made for infants in hospital settings, not ordinary formula available to consumers in stores.
Abbott said interest on the 2024 verdict would have entitled the plaintiff to about $600 million, and the company chose to reach a settlement that also included other plaintiffs rather than continuing to fight the judgment or pay it in full. Attorneys for the plaintiff in that case, Margo Gill, an Illinois mother, did not immediately respond to a request for comment.
The lawsuits have been filed in state and federal courts. More than 825 federal cases have been consolidated before a judge in Chicago, while thousands of others remain pending in state courts, including in Illinois, Missouri and Pennsylvania.
The companies have had mixed results in the relatively small number of cases that have gone to trial so far, with some juries siding with the manufacturers and others with plaintiffs. The first federal bellwether, or test case, against Mead Johnson is now underway in Chicago after earlier federal cases were dismissed before reaching trial.
