United said its financial forecast is dependent on the macro environment which, it added, is "impossible to predict this year with any degree of confidence."
The company reported that its forward bookings over the last two weeks have remained stable, with premium cabins up 17% and international up 5% year-over-year. The comments helped drive United shares up 6.7% in after-hours trading.
"The company's expectation has become bimodal – either the U.S. economy will remain weaker but stable, or the U.S. may enter into a recession," it said.
United estimates an economic recession would lead to a 5 percentage point drop in its revenue, translating into a full-year adjusted profit of $7 a share to $9 a share.
In January, it had forecast an adjusted profit of $11.50 to $13.50 per share for 2025. The company said it still expects to hit that estimate if the demand environment remains stable and fuel prices stay around their current levels.
The Chicago-based airline expects an adjusted profit in the range of $3.25 a share to $4.25 per share in the quarter through June. The midpoint of the forecast is $3.75 per share, compared with analysts' average estimate of $3.93, according to LSEG data.
The United forecast comes days after Delta Air Lines (DAL.N) and Frontier Airlines (ULCC.O) withdrew their full-year forecasts, saying travel demand has "largely stalled" amid mounting economic uncertainty.
Weakening consumer demand has also undermined the industry's pricing power. Airline fares fell 5.3% in March from a month earlier, their steepest monthly decline since September 2021, according to data from the U.S. Labor Department.
United shares are down 31% this year and have declined 43% from their 52-week high. In a sign of bearish investor sentiment, short interest in the company's shares has risen by 45% since mid-February.
