The European Union and the United Nations said Hong Kong's new national security bill was deeply worrying and could erode fundamental freedoms in the China-ruled city.
"It is alarming that such consequential legislation was rushed through the legislature through an accelerated process, in spite of serious concerns raised about the incompatibility of many of its provisions with international human rights law," said United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Volker Turk in a statement released on Tuesday.
The comments came the same day Hong Kong lawmakers unanimously passed the new bill only two weeks after it was first presented, fast-tracking a major piece of legislation that critics say further threatens the city's freedoms.
The package, known as Article 23, punishes offences including treason, sabotage, sedition, the theft of state secrets, external interference and espionage with sentences ranging from several years to life imprisonment.
The legislation follows a China-imposed national security law passed in 2020 after violent street protests a year earlier.
Since the law was imposed, scores of pro-democracy activists have been jailed and the legislation also triggered sanctions from the United States, including against Chief Executive John Lee and other senior government officials.
Turk's statement said that broadly defined and vague provisions in the bill could lead to the "criminalisation of a wide range of conduct protected under international human rights law, including freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and the right to receive and impart information."
For it to be passed without a "thorough process of deliberation and meaningful consultation is a regressive step for the protection of human rights in Hong Kong," he said.
The European Union said in a separate statement on Tuesday it was concerned about the "potential impact on the rights and freedoms of the people of Hong Kong" and the bill had the potential to "significantly" affect the work of the EU's office as well as organisations and companies in Hong Kong.
"This also raises questions about Hong Kong's long-term attractiveness as an international business hub," it said.
It called on the special administrative region to strengthen confidence in the "high degree of autonomy" granted under the "one country, two systems" formula made when Hong Kong returned from British to Chinese rule in 1997.
Britain said the legislation would impact Hong Kong's reputation as an international city that respects the rule of law, has independent institutions and protects its citizens' freedoms.
China on Wednesday urged the United Kingdom to stop making "groundless accusations" about the Article 23 legislation, according to a statement by its embassy in Britain.
China's State Council Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office, said the law would "secure Hong Kong's prosperity and stability" as well as safeguard the interests of overseas investors, democracy and freedom.
