Bank of England rate-setter Catherine Mann said on Thursday that supply chain disruption from hostilities in the Red Sea could quickly feed into companies' pricing decisions, exacerbating Britain's inflation problem.
Mann said her decision last week to vote to raise interest rates to 5.5% from 5.25% was "not easy". Most Monetary Policy Committee members voted to leave rates on hold, and one voted for a cut.
But she added that the prospect of rising real incomes, tightness in the labour market, and the fact financial conditions in Britain had in her view loosened by too much explained her vote to raise interest rates by a quarter of a percentage point.
Mann warned the outlook for British inflation was vulnerable to upside shocks, including from events in the Red Sea, a major trade route between Asia and Europe..
Attacks on shipping by Houthi militants have raised freight prices and lengthened delivery times. Brent crude oil prices exceeded $80 a barrel on Thursday.
In a speech to the Official Monetary and Financial Institutions Forum (OMFIF), Mann said this conflict could affect inflation in the near-term but also influence corporate pricing decisions - something that would further embed inflation pressure in the economy.
"I worry that such an upward inflation shock coming on the heels of the recent high inflation environment will be more swiftly incorporated into firms' costs and prices, exacerbating upside momentum," she said.
Ongoing Brexit frictions and the reconfiguration of global supply chains could also add to goods price inflation in the medium-term, despite lower goods prices currently being the major factor in dragging headline inflation down.
"My assessment is that the dynamics of headline inflation is not a good guide to prospects in the medium-term on account of direct energy price dynamics," Mann said.
