India needs to buy more defence products and lower its tariffs on U.S. products for the two countries to be able to sign a "grand" bilateral deal, U.S. Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick told India Today television on Friday.
India's import tariffs, among the highest in the world, warrant a reassessment of its "special relationship" with the United States, Lutnick said, speaking from Washington.
He also asked India to shift defence equipment purchases away from Russia.
Lutnick's remarks come weeks ahead of U.S. President Donald Trump's planned reciprocal tariffs from early April on trading partners, including India, which are worrying exporters across sectors ranging from autos to electronics.
"We would like to focus on a bilateral conversation just between India and the United States - bring down the tariff levels that India has, that protects some of its areas," Lutnick said.
For sensitive industries like agriculture, which India has long shielded to support its small farmers, Lutnick suggested a trade agreement with quotas and limits but emphasised that India must open up the sector.
After a meeting between Trump and Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi last month, the two countries agreed to resolve tariff rows and work on the first segment of a deal by the fall of 2025, aiming for bilateral trade worth $500 billion by 2030.
Indian Trade Minister Piyush Goyal has been on a nearly week-long trip to the United States and on Tuesday met Lutnick to pursue trade talks.
"Maybe certain products have quotas. Maybe certain products have limits...And then we do the same thing on the other side and craft an agreement that makes sense for both of us," Lutnick said.
"The Indian agriculture market has to open up. It can't just stay closed," he added. Referring to India's high tariffs, Lutnick called them among the steepest globally.
Washington wants India to bring tariffs down to zero or negligible in most sectors, except agriculture, under the bilateral trade deal, Reuters has reported.
The U.S. has a $45.6 billion trade deficit with India. Overall, the U.S. trade-weighted average tariff rate has been about 2.2%, according to World Trade Organization data, compared with India's 12%.
DEFENCE PURCHASES
Lutnick also asked India to shift defence equipment purchases from Russia to sophisticated U.S. products.
"India has historically bought significant amounts of its military equipment from Russia, and we think that is something that needs to end," he said.
The U.S. will increase military sales to India starting in 2025 and eventually provide F-35 fighter jets, Trump announced last month after meeting Modi in Washington. India has agreed to buy more than $20 billion of U.S. defence products since 2008.
"I want manufacturing to come back home. And if that means I need to put a 25% tariff on the outside world, I'll do that."
