The flow of aid entering Gaza from Egypt has almost dried up in the past two weeks, and a collapse in security has made it increasingly difficult to distribute the food that does get through, according to U.N. data and officials.
Daily figures show a precipitous drop in aid supplies since Feb. 9 reaching Gaza, where the mostly displaced population of 2.3 million is facing crisis levels of hunger.
Before the conflict, Gaza relied on 500 trucks with supplies entering daily, and even during intense fighting in January around 200 aid trucks made it through on most days.
But according to the UN figures, from Feb. 9-20 the daily average fell to just 57 trucks. On seven of those 12 days, 20 or fewer trucks made it through, including just four trucks on Feb. 17.
Deliveries through the Rafah Crossing between Egypt and Gaza have been almost totally halted. While more trucks have occasionally arrived through Israel's Kerem Shalom crossing, they have frequently been disrupted by Israeli protesters seeking to block deliveries. The crossing was closed from Feb. 8-10 and Feb. 15-17.
Israel, which checks all trucks entering Gaza from both crossings, blames the United Nations for the fall-off in deliveries, and says it is prepared to speed up the clearance of aid.
"We are ready and willing to facilitate the entry of tens, if not hundreds of trucks every day," Colonel Moshe Tetro, Head of Israel's Coordination and Liasion Administration for Gaza, told a news briefing. "The bottleneck is not on the Israeli side".
He said 450 trucks were waiting on the Palestinian side of the Kerem Shalom crossing with aid supplies for international groups to distribute in Gaza.
"If there would be sufficient and efficient work by the international community that is working inside Gaza, I think that the distribution will be much better."
The United Nations says it is becoming more difficult to distribute aid inside Gaza because of the collapse of security inside the strip, where most residents are now hemmed into makeshift camps. Troops from the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF) now occupy most of Gaza and are responsible for safe passage for aid convoys through areas they control.
"The IDF has a responsibility to facilitate humanitarian operations within Gaza. Aid piling up at the crossing is evidence of an absence of this enabling environment amidst enormous needs," said Eri Kaneko, a spokesperson for the U.N. humanitarian affairs office.
"The U.N. and our humanitarian partners have not been able to regularly pick up supplies from the crossing points due to safety concerns and a breakdown of law and order," she said. "Despite this, our colleagues have been taking significant risks to sustain the delivery of humanitarian supplies essential to the survival of civilians."
Palestinian police have stopped providing escorts for aid convoys after at least eight policemen were killed in Israeli strikes, said UNRWA Director of Communications Juliette Touma.
Inside Gaza, desperate residents have halted convoys to seize aid from trucks.
"In most cases, when food does get taken directly from convoys, it's because of utter desperation, with people even eating it on the spot," said Jonathan Fowler, an UNRWA spokesperson.
On Tuesday, the U.N. World Food Programme said it was pausing limited deliveries to northern Gaza, just two days after they restarted, after their convoys faced crowds trying to climb aboard trucks, gunfire in Gaza City, the seizure of flour and the beating of a truck driver.
UNRWA says it was last able to deliver aid to the north of the Gaza Strip on Jan. 23.
