In a highly symbolic move, the EU granted Ukraine formal membership candidate status a year ago - four months after Russia, Kyiv's Soviet-era overlord, attacked the country amid its efforts to pursue integration with the West.

But the EU set seven conditions - including on judicial reform and curbing endemic corruption - to launch accession negotiations. Ukraine has called for talks to start this year.

The executive European Commission's report is a milestone in that process, which supporters of Ukraine's quest for swift EU accession hope will culminate in a decision by the bloc's 27 member countries in December to start the talks with Kyiv.

Two senior EU officials who were briefed on the report, which has not been made public, said Ukraine has met two of the criteria by now. One of the officials said these related to judicial reform and media law, and added that the focus in the report was on the positives.

"There is progress. The report will be moderately positive," said the person, who spoke under condition of anonymity. "It's not about embellishing reality but recognising progress, there have been prominent anti-corruption cases to name, for example."

Ukraine has in recent months gone after several cases of high-profile corruption, including detaining the head of its Supreme Court over a suspected $2.7 million bribe.

Beyond stronger anti-graft efforts, other criteria include reforms to Ukraine's Constitutional Court and law enforcement, anti-money laundering measures as well as laws to rein in oligarchs and safeguard rights of national minorities.

GLASS HALF FULL

A third source, also an EU official familiar with the bloc's recommendations to Ukraine on the rule of law, added:

"On reforms, it would be glass half full, we would never adopt a negative tone towards Ukraine at the moment. Judiciary reforms have seen some progress, though there are still key ones to be carried out. Not all is satisfactory."

The official pointed out Ukraine has appointed new heads of the Specialised Anti-Corruption Prosecutor's Office and the National Anti-Corruption Bureau, as required, though its 2022 anti-oligarch law was deemed insufficient, among others.

The report - billed as an interim update before a more formal assessment in October - will go to the EU's 27 national envoys in the bloc's hub Brussels on Wednesday, and then a European affairs ministers meeting in Stockholm on Thursday.

The 27 member countries have the final say on whether and when to open membership talks with Kyiv.

To qualify, Ukraine would have to align its laws with many extensive EU standards ranging from climate to labour. In practice, Ukraine's road to membership is bound to take years, and few believe the country can join while at war with Russia.

Ukraine's neighbours on the EU's eastern flank, Poland and the Baltic states, generally support a fast track for Kyiv, while western, older member states including France, Germany and the Netherlands are cooler on the idea.