The benchmark's close confirmed that the S&P 500 has been in a bull market since it closed at its low on Oct. 12, 2022, according to one measure which also puts that date as the end of a bear market.
In a selloff between its record high close of 4,796.56 on Jan. 3, 2022 and its low in October 2022, the S&P 500 tumbled 25%.
On Friday, the S&P 500 jumped 1.23% to end the session at 4,839.81 points.
"It really is an encouraging day in terms of the action, and 4,800 certainly has been a key level which has been difficult to surmount. So if we continue to move in this direction, that's going to be a very positive sentiment sign," said Lisa Erickson, head of public markets at U.S. Bank Wealth Management in Minneapolis.
Nvidia (NVDA.O) climbed 4.2% and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD.O) rallied over 7% after server maker Super Micro Computer (SMCI.O) lifted its second-quarter profit forecast, sending its shares soaring 36%.
Investors exchanged $31 billion worth of Nvidia's stock and $23 billion worth of AMD shares, higher turnover than any other company on Wall Street, according to LSEG data.
The Philadelphia SE Semiconductor index (.SOX) soared 4% to a record high, while the S&P 500 information technology sector index (.SPLRCT) jumped more than 2% to a record highs.
Microsoft (MSFT.O) and Apple (AAPL.O), the world's two most valuable companies, both rose more than 1%.
Chipmaker stocks have gained since Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, the world's largest contract chipmaker, on Wednesday said it saw booming demand for high-end chips used in AI.
The Nasdaq jumped 1.70% to 15,310.97 points, while Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 1.05% to 37,863.80 points.
Volume on U.S. exchanges was heavy, with 12.3 billion shares traded, compared to an average of 11.5 billion shares over the previous 20 sessions.
After surging through December, Wall Street treaded water in recent weeks as investors reined in expectations the Federal Reserve would start cutting interest rates as soon as March.
Interest rate traders now see a 52% chance of a March rate cut, according to the CME Group's FedWatch Tool.
Stock investors were also cheered on Friday by the University of Michigan's preliminary survey showing consumer sentiment improved in January to its highest level since the summer of 2021.
The S&P 500 could lose steam if companies reporting quarterly results over the next few weeks fail to justify relatively high valuations. Netflix (NFLX.O) reports on Tuesday, followed by Tesla (TSLA.O) on Wednesday.
"This new record level of the S&P 500 is sustainable as long as earnings meet expectations," said Steve Sosnick, Chief Strategist at Interactive Brokers.
"If, on the other hand, we find out that the market has either gotten ahead of itself ... or we get guidance from some of these companies that doesn't match the bullish sentiment that's being priced into them, that can be a real risk.”
Travelers Cos (TRV.N) jumped 6.7% after the insurer's fourth-quarter profit more than doubled, while State Street (STT.N) advanced 2.1% after the lender reported record net inflows in its Global Advisors unit in the fourth quarter.
Spirit Airlines (SAVE.N) rebounded 17% from losses earlier this week as it assessed options to refinance its 2025 debt maturities amid concerns over the airline's ability to remain afloat.
iRobot (IRBT.O) slumped almost 27% after a report said the European Union's competition watchdog plans to block Amazon.com's (AMZN.O) $1.4-billion acquisition of the robot vacuum maker.
Advancing issues outnumbered falling ones within the S&P 500 (.AD.SPX) by a 2.9-to-one ratio.
The S&P 500 posted 60 new highs and 3 new lows; the Nasdaq recorded 97 new highs and 191 new lows.
